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| Dr
Savrina Carrizo
Tel: +44 (0)
1223 334 430
Fax: +44 (0) 1223 336 676
Email: sfc34 at cam.ac.uk
Position held:
Former PhD Student
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| PhD
Summary (thesis
submitted April 2011) |
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Changes
in the distribution and abundance of North American breeding birds.
In light of the prevalence of anthropogenic global changes, the importance
of studies of the impacts of these changes on species and populations
has come to the fore. A macroecological approach can help identify
emergent patterns and processes. I use long-term data on 523 species
of North American breeding birds to examine spatio-temporal patterns
of both range shift and local population trends, and the intrinsic
and extrinsic correlates thereof.
Most studies of range shift have focused on poleward shifts and have
not considered the effect of spatial biases in sampling. In Chapter
3, I report that observed (uncorrected) shifts were primarily a reflection
of sampling shift, potentially leading to spurious conclusions on
the causes of such shifts. Corrected shifts showed that as many species
shifted south as north and that the mean longitudinal shift, seldom
considered in previous studies, was more than three times greater
than mean latitudinal shift. In Chapter 4, using a phylogenetic comparative
approach, I describe the life-history and ecological correlates of
the rate of range shift. Migratory species and those with northerly
distributions display faster range shift.
Species-level range changes are underpinned by local-level changes
in abundance. Spatial variation in population trends across species
ranges can potentially affect how species respond to global changes.
In Chapter 5, I show that not only is there among-species variation
in the spatial pattern of abundance across the geographic range, but
that this pattern changes over time as a result of local population
trends. In Chapter 6, I estimate local population trends and assess
the relative importance of site-level, population-level and species-level
correlates. I find that local- and species-level traits are important
correlates of trend but local extrinsic factors, notably winter warming,
crop cover and longitude, are most important.
In conclusion, North American breeding birds are undergoing a complex
array of distributional changes underpinned by local variations in
abundance and population trends. The findings of this thesis provide
a set of working hypotheses on the processes underpinning these changes
in species distributions and abundance.
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| Supervisors
and Funding |
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| My
PhD is jointly supervised by Dr Michael
Brooke (University of Cambridge), Dr Nick
Isaac (Centre for Ecology and Hydrology) and Dr Kate
Jones (Zoological Society of London). It was funded primarily
by the Cambridge Commonwealth Trusts Poynton Australia Scholarship.
I am also grateful to the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Darwin
College, Board of Graduate Studies, Department of Zoology and the
Institute of Zoology ZSL for further funds that supported my research. |
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| Publications |
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- Carrizo,
S. F., Isaac, N. J. B., Jones, K. E., Brooke, M. de L. The role
of life history and ecology in the range shifts in North American
breeding birds. In prep.
- Carrizo,
S. F., Isaac, N. J. B., Jones, K. E., Brooke, M. de L. Spatio-temporal
survey bias affects range shift conclusions in North American
breeding birds. In prep.
- Amano, T.,
Okamura, H., Carrizo, S. F., Sutherland, W. J. (2011) Hierarchical
models for smoothed population indices: the importance of considering
variations in trends of count data among sites. Ecological
Indicators. Accepted.
- Carrizo,
S. (2004) A colour-filling approach for visualising trait evolution
with phylogenies. In: Churcher, N. & Churcher, C. (eds) Australasian
Symposium
on Information Visualisation (INVIS.AU'04 ), Vol. 35 of Conferences
in Research and Practice in Information Technology, pp. 117-126,
Christchurch, New Zealand.
- Carrizo,
S. (2004) Phylogenetic trees: an information visualisation perspective.
Proceedings of the Second Conference on Asia-Pacific Bioinformatics,
pp. 315–320, 2004.
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| Selected
Presentations |
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- Carrizo,
S., Isaac, N., Jones, K., & Brooke, M. de L. 2010. Understanding
geographical range changes of North American breeding birds. British
Ornithologists’ Union (BOU) Conference – Climate Change
and Birds.
- Carrizo,
S. 2009. ‘Understanding range shifts of North American Breeding
Birds’. 10th International Congress of Ecology (INTECOL),
Brisbane Australia.
- Carrizo,
S. 2008. ‘Detecting species-level responses to global change’.
Challenges of the 21st Century, Interdisciplinary Graduate
Conference, University of Cambridge.
- Carrizo,
S., Isaac, N., Brooke, M de L., Jones. K. 2007. Trajectories to
Extinction. Society for Conservation GIS Conference.
Monterey, California, U.S.A.
- Carrizo,
S., Isaac, N., Brooke, M de L., Jones. K. 2007. Trajectories to
Extinction. Earth Systems Research Institute User Conference.
San Diego, California, U.S.A.
- Carrizo,
S. 2007. Towards a deeper understanding of extinction risk. Interacting
factors of biology and human disturbance. Institute of Zoology
Student Conference, Zoological Society of London.
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| Brief
CV |
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Education
- PhD, University
of Cambridge, 2006 – 2011.
- M.Phil, University
of Sydney, Australia, 2006.
- BSc (First
Class Honours), University of Sydney, Australia, 2003.
- BSc, University
of Sydney, Australia, 1997 – 1999.
Teaching
- Demonstrator,
Statistics for Graduate Biologists, University of Cambridge, 2007
- 2009.
- Supervisor,
Population Biology, Michaelmas Term, University of Cambridge,
2007 - 2009.
- Problem
Based Learning facilitator, MSc Wild Animal Biology/Wild Animal
Health, Institute of Zoology, ZSL and Royal Veterinary College,
2010 and 2011.
Consulting and Programming
- Management
Consultant, Deloitte Consulting, Sydney Australia, 2000 - 2001.
- Contract
Programmer, BioKao, Sydney Australia, 2005 – 2006.
Science Outreach
- Developed
workshops for the Young Zoologist Club, Museum of Zoology, University
of Cambridge.
- Co-founder
of the Cambridge GIS and Spatial Analysis Network.
Selected
Courses
- GreenBRIDGE.
Local Practices for a Global Society. Applying Sustainability
in Universities. Three-day Summer School. University of Cambridge.
20-22 July 2011.
- Introduction
to Conservation Leadership. Durrell Institute of Conservation
and Ecology (DICE). July 5th 2011.
- Conservation
Program Assessment. Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology
(DICE). June 3rd 2011.
- International
Development Course. The Humanitarian Centre, University of Cambridge.
May 7th 2011.
- Joined-up
ecology workshop. Microsoft Research Cambridge. April 22-24 2009.
- Advances
in modelling. NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College
Silwood. January 18-30 2009.
- Silwood
R course. Imperial College Silwood. February 4-22 2008.
- Advanced
Mathematical Modelling. Cambridge Infectious Disease Consortium.
August 6-17 2007.
- Introduction
to GIS. British Antarctic Survey. Cambridge. January 29-31 2007.
- Introduction
to mathematical modelling. Cambridge Infectious Disease Consortium.
March 19-23 2007.
- Spatial Analysis.
Society for Conservation GIS (SCGIS) and the Earth Systems Research
Institute (ESRI). Redlands, California. June 4-6 2007.
- Advanced
Analysis in ArcGIS. SCGIS and ESRI. Redlands, California. June
7-8 2007.
- Building
Geodatabases. SCGIS and ESRI. Redlands, California. June 11-13
2007.
- Python Scripting
in ArcGIS. SCGIS and ESRI. Redlands, California. June 14-15 2007.
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